罗马十大景点英文 4.万神殿

优秀啦小编带来了罗马十大景点英文 4.万神殿，希望能对大家有所帮助，一起来看看吧！

罗马的旅游景点英文介绍 欧洲旅游景点英文介绍 - 百...

跪求一篇关于国外旅游景点的英文介绍！

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英国的古老城堡名胜
1._嗖┏潜そㄓ诠6世纪，坐落于诺森伯兰郡的一个高耸的悬崖上，三面环海。很多电影都在这里取景。
2._ɡ扯潜び陕掣ニ_威廉于公元11世纪末建成。它邻近苏格兰。最早它只是一座由木头修建的城堡。之后1122年，亨利一世修建了石墙。
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4._”こ潜ぷ溆谒崭窭及”ぁ97世纪，埃德温国王在一巨石上修建了一座要塞。之后，这座要塞成了一个大城堡。
图片说明：从左到右，从上到下分别为Bamburgh_astle，Carlisle_astle，Dover_astle和Edinburgh_astle_

介绍罗马的英语作文

There’s no escaping it: Rome means history. There are layers of the stuff - Etruscan（伊特鲁里亚的） tombs, Republican meeting rooms, Imperial temples, early Christian churches, medieval bell towers, Renaissance（文艺复兴） palaces and baroque basilicas（长方形基督教堂）. In this city a phenomenal concentration of history, legend and monuments coexists（共存） with an equally phenomenal concentration of people busily going about their everyday life. It’s hard to say what you’ll find most breathtaking（惊人的） about the eternal city - the arrogant opulence of the Vatican（梵蒂冈）or the timelessness（永恒） of the Forum（古罗马广场）.
Rome is halfway down Italy’s western coast, about 20km inland. It’s a vast city, but the historic centre is quite *all. Most of the major sights are within a reasonable distance of the central railway station. It is, for instance, possible to walk from the Colosseum（罗马圆形大剧场）, through the Forum, up to Piazza di Spagna（西班牙广场） and across to the Vatican in one day, but you wouldn’t really want to. All the major monuments are west of the train station, but make sure you use a map. While it can be enjoyable to get off the beaten track（平坦的路） in Rome, it can also be very frustrating and time-consuming.
Most of the budget（便宜的） places to stay are clustered around Stazione Termini; this area is rife with pickpockets（扒手） and gangs of thieving children, so beware - do your best to look like you know where you’re going. It is only slightly more expensive and definitely more enjoyable to stay closer to the city centre.
Rome’s mild climate makes it visitable year-round; however, spring and autumn are without doubt the best times to visit, with generally sunny skies and mild temperatures. Unfortunately, these times are also the peak tourist season, when the tour buses pour in（川流不息的涌入） and tourists are herded around like cattle. July and August are unpleasantly hot, and Romans traditionally desert the stiflingly hot city in August, with many businesses closing; try to avoid visiting at this time. From December to February there is briskly cold weather, although it’s rarely grey and gloomy.
Events-wise, Italy’s calendar bursts year-round with cultural events ranging from colourful traditional celebrations with a religious and traditional flavour, through to cultural events. Summer is definitely the best time to visit if you want to catch the best of the festivals; however, the Romaeuropa festival is now a feature of the autumn calendar, the Roma opera season runs from December until June and the classical and contemporary music scene is lively all year round.

求意大利以下旅游景点的英文简介，急用，谢谢~~~~~~~~

威尼斯: Venezia
圣马可广场:Piazza San Marco
庞贝古城:Pompei
佛罗伦萨: Firenze
米兰市: Milano
米兰大教堂: Duomo di Milano
罗马市: Roma
罗马斗兽场: Colosseo
意大利的民俗: Dogana italiana

世界旅游景点中英文对照

下面我为大家带来旅游英语之世界旅游景点中英文对照，欢迎大家学习!
世界旅游景点中英文对照1：
notre dame de paris， france 法国巴黎圣母院
effiel tower， france 法国艾菲尔铁塔
arch of triumph， france 法国凯旋门
elysee palace， france 法国爱丽舍宫
louvre， france 法国卢浮宫
kolner dom， koln， germany 德国科隆大教堂
leaning tower of pisa， italy 意大利比萨斜塔
colosseum in rome， italy 意大利古罗马圆形剧场
venice， italy 意大利威尼斯
parthenon， greece 希腊巴台农神庙
red square in moscow， russia 莫斯科红场
big ben in london， england 英国伦敦大笨钟
buckingham palace， england 白金汉宫
hyde park， england 英国海德公园
london tower bridge， england 伦敦塔桥
westminster abbey， england 威斯敏斯特大教堂
monte carlo， monaco 摩洛哥蒙特卡罗
the mediterranean 地中海
niagara falls， new york state， usa 美国尼亚加拉大瀑布
bermuda 百慕大
honolulu， hawaii， usa 美国夏威夷火奴鲁鲁
panama c* 巴拿马大运河
yellowstone national park， usa 美国黄石国家公园
statue of liberty， new york city， usa 美国纽约自由女神像
times square， new york city， usa 美国纽约时代广场
the white house， washington dc.， usa 美国华盛顿白宫
world trade center， new york city， usa 美国纽约世界贸易中心
central park， new york city， usa 美国纽约中央公园
yosemite national park， usa 美国尤塞米提国家公园
grand canyon， arizona， usa 美国亚利桑那州大峡谷
hollywood， california， usa 美国加利佛尼亚好莱坞
disneyland， california， usa 加利佛尼亚迪斯尼乐园
las vegas， nevada， usa 美国内华达拉斯威加斯
miami， florida， usa 美国佛罗里达迈阿密
metropolitan museum of art， new york city， usa 纽约大都会艺术博物馆
acapulco， mexico 墨西哥阿卡普尔科
cuzco， mexico 墨西哥库斯科
世界旅游景点中英文对照2：
the himalayas 喜马拉雅山
great wall， china 中国长城
forbidden city， beijing， china 北京故宫
mount fuji， japan 日本富士山
taj mahal， india 印度泰姬陵
angkor wat， cambodia 柬埔寨吴哥窟
bali， indonesia 印度尼西亚巴厘岛
borobudur， indonesia 印度尼西亚波罗浮屠
sentosa， singapore 新加坡圣淘沙
crocodile farm， thailand 泰国北榄鳄鱼湖
pattaya beach， thailand 泰国芭堤雅海滩
babylon， iraq 伊拉克巴比伦遗迹
mosque of st， sophia in istanbul (constantinople)， turkey 土耳其圣索非亚教堂
suez c*， egypt 印度苏伊士运河
aswan high dam， egypt 印度阿斯旺水坝
nairobi national park， kenya 肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园
cape of good hope， south africa 南非好望角
sahara desert 撒哈拉大沙漠
pyramids， egypt 埃及金字塔
the nile， egypt 埃及尼罗河
great barrier reef 大堡礁
sydney opera house， australia 悉尼歌剧院
ayers rock 艾尔斯巨石
mount cook 库克山

请用英文简单地介绍一下罗马

梵蒂冈城是罗马城中的50公顷孤立的地区，靠近蒂伯河南岸，位于贾尼库隆山的北部，并延伸过梵蒂冈山的一部分。梵蒂冈城大约建立于公元325年，康斯坦丁大帝在包括罗马共和国和罗马帝国的遗址的上建立了第一座天主教大教堂。梵蒂冈历史上起宗教与管理功能，现为*国家。
在城的中心位置坐落着圣彼得巴西里佳风格的教堂，教堂装饰着双柱廊，正面环绕着与宫殿和花园毗邻的广场。这座巴西里佳风格的教堂矗立在圣徒彼德的陵墓上，是天才勃拉曼特、拉斐尔、米开朗基罗、贝尔尼尼和马德尔纳的共同成果。
圣彼得教堂高136米，由米开郎基罗设计的炮塔直径达42米，到达塔顶约330级台阶，从塔顶可俯瞰整个圣彼得广场，令人留恋往返的罗马景色也尽收眼底。教堂内有众多名家的杰作：贝尔尼尼设计的高达29米的青铜华盖，米开郎基罗设计的Pietà，Canova 设计的克莱门特八世的陵墓以及位于门廊入口处中上方、由乔托设计的Navicella 镶嵌图案。
收藏于梵帝冈博物馆的艺术品多为绘画作品，其历史悠久、数量众多，包括了从古至今艺术品中的珍品。西斯廷教堂是意大利绘画史的里程碑，旅游者很值得到此一游。
圣彼得教堂原属于梵帝冈城，根据拉特兰条约，Costantin帝国于公元320年建立了独立的梵帝冈城，邻近包括殉难圣徒墓地的大墓场，现在仍向游人开放。1450年前后，重修工程由Bernardo Rossellino担任，然后转交给设计了希腊基督教风格的Bramante，然后移交给设计建造拉丁基督教风格的拉斐尔。由Bramante重修的部分于1547年再次由米开朗基罗来扩大其规模。 1626年决定正式的永恒保留之前，由Carlo Maderno 进行了最后一次修整，并将教堂定为拉丁基督教风格。
圣天使堡（Castel Sant'Angelo ）从圣彼得广场沿着Via della Conciliazione 就到了圣天使堡。 国家博物馆是由独特的纪念式房屋组成，馆内除了收藏有stuccoes，frescoes和罗马教皇的住宅家具外，古代的武器也是这里的一项重要的珍贵藏品。Tosca ，Giacomo Puccini 歌剧中的主角，在俯瞰罗马中心的著名露台跳下去后，圣天使堡便闻名于歌剧爱好者当中了。
圣天使堡是建立在台伯河岸的一座陵墓，由Hadrian 皇帝（公元二世纪）设计并亲自指挥建造，作为他自己以及其继承者的安息之地。几个世纪过去了，圣天使堡也经历了一些变化：首先作为阻止西哥特人和东哥德人入侵的要塞，然后是作为监狱，最后改建成一座华丽的罗马教皇宫殿。
纳佛那广场 Piazza Navona
从空中看，竞技场状的纳佛那广场非常明显。事实上，广场是建立在Domitian的露天运动场上的，这个运动场的遗迹仍然可以从邻近的位于Agone的Sant'Agnese的教堂看到。由著名建筑师Francesco Borromini设计的教堂是罗马巴洛克式建筑的典范。 纳佛那广场有三个喷泉：摩尔人喷泉，Nettuno喷泉和位于中心位置的Fiumi 喷泉。四座象征意义的雕像演绎着尼罗河、恒河、多瑙河和拉巴拉他河，象征着世界的四个角。一直以来，从十二月初到主显节，广场上总是摆满了*糖果和玩具的小摊。
大约公元86年，Domitian 大帝 在现有的尼禄时期的圆形剧场建立了一座大型露天运动场。几个世纪后，广场成为了游戏、比赛和*的场所。十七世纪到十九世纪,广场常常被充满水，王子和教士贵族们在烟花的衬托下游船玩乐。
万神殿Pantheon
万神殿是古罗马精湛建筑技术的典范,它包括一个宽度与高度相等的巨大圆柱体，上面覆盖着半圆形的屋顶。拉斐尔等许多著名艺术家就葬在这里，同时葬在这里也有意大利君主专制时期的统治者。
万神殿对面是罗通达广场，由Giacomo Della Porta 设计的美丽喷泉置于其中。
万神殿是众神所在的神殿，由Marcus Agrippa 建于公元前25年。后来，约公元120年由Hadrian重建。几个世纪以来，万神殿经历着历史的变迁：公元609年作为基督教的教堂，中世纪成为了制敌要塞。
西班牙广场Piazza di Spagna
西班牙广场作为罗马人和各地游客的聚集地，以其由Francesco De Sanctis所创造的充满戏剧色彩的阶梯和由Pietro Bernini 和他的儿子Gian Lorenzo 于1629年创作的破船喷泉而闻名，该喷泉恰如一只挺立在水中半隐半现的小船。
西班牙台阶的顶部是建于1502年法国国王路易七世时期的三位一体教堂。再远一点，左边是梅第奇别墅，现在是法国高等学府。街道两旁的精品店一间接着一间，但游人仍能感受到历史的气息以及从西班牙广场折射出的罗马文化的光辉。从这一点来讲，康多提大道Via Condotti的希腊咖啡馆Caffè Greco不可不去。
西班牙广场最初是以阶梯顶部的宏伟的圣三山教堂命名的，该教堂是罗马的法国教堂之一。到了17世纪，西班牙大使馆在此建立，Palazzo Monaldeschi 才改名为西班牙广场，以此来对抗法国，争取圣三山的所有权。
罗马圆形大剧场The Colosseum
罗马圆形大剧场的名字来源于过去曾经矗立在这里的一座巨大的青铜雕塑，该雕塑高35米，是尼禄大帝的塑像。作为罗马的象征，世界闻名的罗马圆形大剧场由弗拉维亚王朝的统治者们于公元72到80年建造。这里曾经是著名的金宫的人工湖所在地，金宫是尼禄大帝所建的综合了住宅与花园的大型宫殿，现在已成为一片废墟，但它那华丽的装饰启发了文艺复兴时期画家们的灵感。这座罗马帝国最大的圆形剧场用掉了从Tivoli采石场开采的多达100，000立方米的石料。罗马圆形大剧场可容纳70，000多人，观众在这里可观看角斗士的搏斗、狩猎，最初，人们在这里观看海军表演：在注满水的竞技场进行的海军战斗。据说设计罗马圆形大剧场的建筑师被活生生的扔给了野兽“作为他工作的奖赏”。建筑师用自己的生命开始了他所设想的充满鲜血与残忍的故事，也开始了这座建筑的漫长历史。
中世纪的罗马圆形大剧场被用于制敌要塞。随后，剧场的一部分被拆除，它变成了建筑材料的采石场，最后，被用做医院，互助会和工艺协会。一直到18世纪中期，罗马教皇本尼迪克特14世下令这里为“神的所在地”，才停止了对这里的掠夺和破坏。
古罗马广场The Roman Forum
古罗马广场是罗马境内考古学者重要的研究场所，它所在的区域从主神殿山扩展到Palatine 。一直到公元前7世纪，古罗马广场一直是政治、经济和宗教生活的中心。随后，在古罗马广场原有的基础上增加了帝国广场：恺撒广场、奥古斯都广场、内尔瓦广场、韦斯帕夏诺广场以及最令人留恋往返的图拉真广场，在这人们仍可以看到市场上巨大的柱子。
主神殿和维托里安诺 The Capitol and the Vittoriano
最初，卡彼托山就是作为市*的所在地，并被选做举行庄严的公共庆典的地方。米开朗琪罗所设计的卡比托利欧广场被三座贵族宫殿环抱着：中间的市政厅是市政当局的所在地，两旁分别是康塞巴托里宫殿美术馆和新宫，寄存着首都博物馆的众多财宝。罗马神殿画廊陈列着从14到18世纪的200多件绘画珍品，这些作品的作者都是非常出色的画家如提香、毕也特洛伊、米开朗基罗、圭尔奇诺、鲁宾斯等等。马可·奥里利乌斯大帝的青铜骑像矗立在广场上，由于他被认为是基督教的君主而没有遭到破坏。庄重的方形底座是由米开朗基罗设计的。原物可到邻近的博物馆瞻仰。一条新的连接卡比托利欧广场和维托里安诺露台的通道，从这上面可以俯瞰城市美景，感受惊心动魄。维托里安诺是为了纪念意大利的第一个国王维克托·伊曼纽尔二世而建的，现在已经免费向游人开放，它内设武装力量旗帜圣殿博物馆Museum-Sanctuary of the Flags of the Armed Forces和复兴运动博物馆Museum of the Risorgimento。纪念碑落成于1911年，以纪念意大利统一15周年，从1921年开始成为无名烈士公墓。

意大利旅游景点英文介绍

威尼斯:
venezia
圣马可广场:piazza
san
marco
庞贝古城:pompei
佛罗伦萨:
firenze
米兰市:
milano
米兰大教堂:
duo

8.古罗马广场

2000年前，这个广场是罗马帝国的心脏。而现在许多建筑已经遭受了破坏，以至于人们无法辨认出它们在过去的生活中是什么样子。

3.纳沃纳广场

从17世纪开始，圣阿格纳教堂就在它的中心，纳沃纳广场还有着几个美丽的喷泉，餐馆和咖啡馆在这里随处可见，音乐家和演员经常光顾这个广场。

罗马十大最佳旅游景点罗马最好玩的地方盘点 - 百度...

罗马完全有资格被称为“永恒之城”，因为它的重要历史可以追溯到大约2500年前，它与现代繁荣的文化紧密相连。罗马充满了历史和文化，你走过的每一块石头都有它丰富的历史，每一个曾经出发去看世界的人，都把罗马作为一个目的地，这里精湛的建筑、艺术、美食让游客们留恋忘返。

9.埃马努埃尔二世纪念碑

宏伟的埃马努埃尔二世纪念碑位于威尼斯广场，这是一座高大雄伟的白色大理石建筑。始建于1885年，于1911年竣工，由著名建筑师萨科尼工程师设计。

瑞士十大旅游景点介绍英语 瑞士景点英文介绍 - 百度...

英文介绍瑞士

瑞士风景英文简介：
1、The most spectacular and spectacular scenery in Switzerland is at the top of Europe, 3454 meters above sea level, Jungfrau. Standing on the top of the peak, looking around, the sky is wide and the scenery is charming.
瑞士最壮观、最壮观的景色是在海拔3454米的欧洲之巅少女峰。站在山顶上，环顾四周，天空宽阔，景色迷人。
Snow peaks stand like handle blades straight into the clouds. The shining white snow and the bright sunshine are shining against each other, especially against the dark blue sky.
白雪皑皑的山峰矗立在云端，宛如柄刃。白雪皑皑，阳光灿烂，相互辉映，尤其是在深蓝色的天空中。
Snow peaks have distinct edges and corners of ice and snow, while the snow layer in the backlight is soft and soothing. Layers of white clouds like surging waves, forming a huge front at the foot; everything is so pure, so holy.
雪峰有明显的冰和雪的棱角，而背光中的雪层是柔软和舒缓的。层层叠叠的白云像汹涌的波涛，在脚下形成一个巨大的锋面；一切都那么纯洁，那么神圣。
2、Switzerland, best known as one of the richest coutries in the world, has lots of fantastic views. With a large rang of plants not found at other attitudes, it is good to experience some pressure as visiting and grazing.
瑞士，作为世界上最富有的国家之一，有很多奇妙的景色。有大量的植物没有发现其他的态度，这是很好的体验一些压力，作为参观和放牧。
During the winter, visitors can really enjoy ice skating in a white and mountainous enviornment. Switzerland is worth to travel whenever and whatever seasons because it has moderate climate all year round.
在冬季，游客可以在白色和多山的环境中真正享受滑冰。瑞士全年气候温和，无论何时何地，都值得旅游。
3、From spring to late autumn, ice trains start every day, and the Mercedes Benz is 300 kilometers between the two major tourist attractions in Switzerland, that is, between St. Paul and St. meritsk.
从春天到深秋，每天都有冰上火车开动，奔驰在瑞士两大旅游景点之间，即圣保罗和圣梅里茨克之间的300公里处。
When the train runs through the railway, the most dazzling part of the train journey is seen in a snowy snow, and the train is moving slowly, as if the story of a cartoon story is reappearing.
当火车穿过铁路时，在雪地里可以看到火车旅程中最耀眼的部分，火车在缓慢地行进，仿佛一个卡通故事正在重现。
During the train journey, there will be about 291 bridges and 91 tunnels. It is difficult to see the construction at that time. The railway runs in the alpine mountains with the highest rock level and the lowest point is 1429 meters.
列车运行期间，将有291座桥梁和91条隧道。那时很难看到建筑。铁路位于海拔最高、最低点1429米的高山山区。
The landscape along the way is changeable. The scenery of streams, valleys, waterfalls, villages and fields is beautiful. The train of the glacier train is specially designed to be bright red. Mercedes-Benz in the fields and mountains, looks particularly striking and beautiful.
沿途风景多变。溪流、山谷、瀑布、村庄和田野的景色很美。冰川火车的火车是专门设计成鲜红色的。奔驰在田野和群山之中，显得格外醒目和美丽。
4、Switzerland is a mountainous landlocked country in south-central Europe. East boundary, Liechtenstein, South to west, West to France, north to Germany. Its territory is east from 10 degrees east to 29 "26", and the state of Sawan, the west of the East is 5 "57" 24 ".
瑞士是欧洲中南部一个多山的内陆国家。东界，列支敦士登，南至西，西至法国，北至德国。其领土东经10度东至29“26”，西至沙湾州东经5“57”24。
The southernmost point is located at 45 degrees 49 '8" at the north latitude, near the northern part of TECO, and the northernmost part of the North is 47 degrees 48 "48". It is 220.1 kilometers long in North and South and 348.4 kilometers long in East and west.
最南端位于北纬45度49'8“，靠近特科北部，最北端为47度48”48“。南北长220.1公里，东西长348.4公里。
The entire territory is divided into the central and Southern Alps (60% of the total area), the northwestern Jura Mountains (10%), and the central plateau (30%) three natural terrain areas.
全境分为中部和南部阿尔卑斯山（占总面积的60%）、西北部汝拉山（10%）和中部高原（30%）三个自然地形区。
The average altitude is about 1350 meters, the highest point is near duer's Dufu peak (DUFOUL-PEAK, elevation 4634 meters). The lowest point is located at LAKE MAGGIOLE, -193 meters above sea level.
平均海拔1350米左右，最高点在杜尔杜甫峰（杜福尔峰，海拔4634米）附近。最低点位于海拔-19米的马吉奥湖。
5、Switzerland is divided into three main regions: the Alps, the Swiss plateau and the Ru La mountains. The Alps are composed of granite, gneiss, crystalline rock and limestone.
瑞士分为三个主要地区：阿尔卑斯山、瑞士高原和汝拉山。阿尔卑斯山由花岗岩、片麻岩、结晶岩和石灰岩组成。
The Swiss plateau is formed by the gravel layer; the Jura Mountains are formed by limestone. As a famous Swiss writer once said, "the Swiss are proud of having built such a good mountain range."
瑞士高原是由砾石层形成的，侏罗纪山脉是由石灰岩形成的。正如一位瑞士著名作家曾经说过的那样，“瑞士人为建造了如此好的山脉而自豪。”

瑞士景点（英文）

Lausanne
City/Region: Geneva
Picturesquely located on the shores of Lake Geneva, the youthful and energetic city of Lausanne is built above the lake on a sequence of tiers connected by a *all metro. The upper or Old Town contains the grand Gothic cathedral, Notre-Dame; its turreted towers a well-known symbol of the city. The lower town on the lakeshore was once the *all fishing village of Ouchy and is now the prime waterfront area with outdoor dining and cafes, promenades and sporting activities. The gardens around the Quay d'Ouchy are home to the city's foremost attraction, the Olympic Museum, containing a wealth of sporting memories and a collection of unique objects pertaining to the Olympic Games from its beginning until the present. Lausanne relishes its importance as the Olympic World Capital and headquarters of the International Olympic Committee.
城市/地区：日内瓦
在风景如画的日内瓦湖，在洛桑年轻，精力充沛的海岸城市位于上方的建立一个由地铁相连的小湖层序。上部或旧城区包含宏伟的哥特式大教堂，巴黎圣母院的精髓，它的炮塔塔著名城市的象征。湖岸上的低镇曾经是乌希小渔村，现在是与室外餐厅和咖啡厅，海滨长廊和体育活动的主要海滨区。码头周围的花园科特迪瓦乌希居住着城市的最重要的吸引力，奥林匹克博物馆，其中载有运动的回忆，到现在1项涉及从一开始就奥运会独特的对象的*财富。洛桑津津乐道它作为奥林匹克世界资本和国际奥林匹克委员会总部的重要性。

瑞士旅游景点详细介绍

瑞士旅游景点详细介绍
瑞士是一个山国，山清水秀。其森林面积达12523平方公里，占全国面积的30.3%。如果再加上农业、绿地面积(10166平方公里，占全国面积24.6%瑞士的河湖面积达1726平方公里，占瑞士全国面积的4.2%。瑞士地处北温带，地域虽小，但各地气候差异很大。阿尔卑斯山由东向西伸展，形成了瑞士气候的分界线。以下是我整理的瑞士旅游景点详细介绍，欢迎阅读！
万国宫
万国宫过去是国际联盟的所在地，而今是联合国驻日内瓦办事处的总部。它是日内瓦作为一个国际城市的象征，也是世界近代史的一个缩影。
万国宫坐落在阿丽亚娜公园内，阿丽亚娜公园地处莱蒙湖右岸的丘陵地带上，占地面积25公顷(约合375亩)。站在园内高处可以俯瞰莱蒙湖，遥望欧洲最高的山峰勃朗峰。
西庸古堡
西庸古堡是瑞士最负盛名的古迹之一，位于日内瓦湖的东端，突出于日内瓦湖上的由巨石组成的.小半岛上。在青铜器时代就有人居往，后来罗马人在此安营扎寨，修筑防御工事。西庸半岛在几易主人之后，于十一世纪至十三世纪之间，在SAVOYEN家族手里经过大规模扩建，基本形成人们看到的集军事防御、仓储、牢狱、教堂和贵族宫廷等功能于一体的封闭式的封建古堡。
莱蒙湖
在瑞士1498个湖泊中，莱蒙湖是最大的一个。它也是西欧最大的湖泊，面积582平方公里，蓄水量达890亿立方米，其中心线的长度为72.3公里，周长167公里;在瑞士一侧的北岸(俗称右岸)长95公里，在法国一侧的南岸(俗称左岸)长72公里。湖的最宽处为14,000米，最深处为310米。
莱茵瀑布
莱茵瀑布(Lheinfall)位于瑞士沙夫豪森州和苏黎世州交界处的莱茵河上。瀑布最宽处150米，最大落差21米，水深13米。夏季平均流量每秒700立方米。莱茵瀑布是欧洲最大的瀑布。
因特拉肯
因特拉肯(INTEL‘LAKEN，即湖间之意)属伯尔尼州，距离伯尔尼市约50公里，地处图恩湖和布里茵茨湖之间，海拔只有568米，是瑞士著名的风景区之一。这里群山环抱，绿色草场广阔开敞，瑞士著名的少女峰终年白雪冠顶，倒映绿色湖中，远山近水，湖光潋滟，置身此地，如在画中。
图恩湖
英特拉根市西面是图恩湖，东面是布里恩茨湖。两湖都为狭长形，略向北翘，加在一起像一弯中间断开的新月。其中图恩湖面积较大，但湖水不深，游人可乘船畅游，也可驱车或搭火车沿湖观光。玲珑的村庄或高栖坡岗，或依立水边，装点着大自然的妖媚。
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10.卡波托林山

卡波托林山是“罗马的七座山”之一，也是许多重大历史事件的发生地。卡波托林山被认为是最神圣的，卡皮托林博物馆就坐落在这里，游客们有机会在那里看到许多伟大的作品。

2.罗马人民广场

这个大广场的中央有一座埃及方尖碑，还有两座教堂，这里还有许多喷泉和令人愉快的咖啡馆，当你观察附近的活动时，你可以在那里享用茶点。

7.罗马斗兽场

罗马斗兽场是世界十大最古老的遗迹之一，也是这个国家以及世界上最著名的地标性建筑，它将给你留下深刻的印象，对于任何对历史感兴趣的人来说，这将是一次难忘的经历。

4.万神殿

是为了纪念众神而建造的，它是古罗马保存较好的建筑之一。万神殿的建筑是非凡的，它的内部是惊人的，很多著名的人都葬在这里，文艺复兴时期的艺术家拉斐尔就是其中之一。

6.许愿池

许愿池也叫做特莱威喷泉，这是罗马最大、最壮观的喷泉，也是世界上最著名的喷泉之一。

5.西班牙大台阶

西班牙大台阶建于18世纪，从西班牙广场一直通向山上天主圣三教堂，在山顶上可以看到城市的美景。

1.梵蒂冈城

梵蒂冈城是每一个去罗马的游客都必须去参观，尽管梵蒂冈城实际上并不是罗马的一部分。安排参观的理想方式是先参观梵蒂冈博物馆、拉斐尔的房间和西斯廷教堂，然后把注意力转向圣彼得大教堂和广场。

罗马景点的英文介绍

竞技场 (The Colosseum or Coliseum)
The Colosseum or Coliseum, originally the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium, Italian Anfiteatro Flavio or Colosseo), is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire. It is one of the greatest works of Roman architecture and engineering.

Occupying a site just east of the Roman Forum, its construction started between 70 and 72 AD under the emperor Vespasian and was completed in 80 AD under Titus, with further modifications being made during Domitian's reign (81–96).[1] The name "Amphitheatrum Flavium" derives from both Vespasian's and Titus' family name ("Flavius, from the gens Flavia).

Originally capable of seating around 50,000 spectators, the Colosseum was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles. It remained in use for nearly 500 years with the last recorded games being held there as late as the 6th century – well after the traditional date of the fall of Rome in 476. As well as the traditional gladiatorial games, many other public spectacles were held there, such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Classical mythology. The building eventually ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. It was later reused for such varied purposes as housing, workshops, quarters for a religious order, a fortress, a quarry and a Christian shrine.

Although it is now in a ruined condition due to damage caused by earthquakes and stone-robbers, the Colosseum has long been seen as an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome. Today it is one of modern Rome's most popular tourist attractions and still has close connections with the Roman Catholic Church, as each Good Friday the Pope leads a torchlit "Way of the Cross" procession to the amphitheatre.

The Colosseum is also depicted on the Italian version of the five euro-cent coin.

The Colosseum's original Latin name was Amphitheatrum Flavium, often anglicized as Flavian Amphitheater. The building was constructed by emperors of the Flavian dynasty, hence its original name.[2] This name is still used frequently in modern English, but it is generally unknown.

The name Colosseum has long been believed to be derived from a colossal statue of Nero nearby.[1] This statue was later remodeled by Nero's successors into the likeness of Helios (Sol) or Apollo, the sun god, by adding the appropriate solar crown. Nero's head was also replaced several times and substituted with the heads of succeeding emperors. Despite its pagan links, the statue remained standing well into the medieval era and was credited with magical powers. It came to be seen as an iconic symbol of the permanence of Rome.

In the 8th century, the Venerable Bede (c. 672–735) wrote a famous epigram celebrating the symbolic significance of the statue: Quandiu stabit coliseus, stabit et Roma; quando cadit coliseus, cadet et Roma; quando cadet Roma, cadet et mundus ("as long as the Colossus stands, so shall Rome; when the Colossus falls, Rome shall fall; when Rome falls, so falls the world").[3] This is often mistranslated to refer to the Colosseum rather than the Colossus (as in, for instance, Byron's poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage). However, at the time that Bede wrote, the masculine noun coliseus was applied to the statue rather than to what was still known as the Flavian amphitheatre.

The Colossus did eventually fall, probably being pulled down to reuse its bronze. By the year 1000 the name "Colosseum" (a neuter noun) had been coined to refer to the amphitheatre. The statue itself was largely forgotten and only its base survives, situated between the Colosseum and the nearby Temple of Venus and Roma.[4]

The name was further corrupted to Coliseum during the Middle Ages. In Italy, the amphitheatre is still known as il Colosseo, and other Romance languages have come to use similar forms such as le Colisée (French), el Coliseo (Spanish) and o Coliseu (Portuguese).

Construction of the Colosseum began under the rule of the Emperor Vespasian[1] in around 70–72. The site chosen was a flat area on the floor of a low valley between the Caelian, Esquiline and Palatine Hills, through which a c*ised stream ran. By the 2nd century BC the area was densely inhabited. It was devastated by the Great Fire of Rome in AD 64, following which Nero seized much of the area to add to his personal domain. He built the grandiose Domus Aurea on the site, in front of which he created an artificial lake surrounded by pavillions, gardens and porticoes. The existing Aqua Claudia aqueduct was extended to supply water to the area and the gigantic bronze Colossus of Nero was set up nearby at the entrance to the Domus Aurea.[4]

The area was transformed under Vespasian and his successors. Although the Colossus was preserved, much of the Domus Aurea was torn down. The lake was filled in and the land reused as the location for the new Flavian Amphitheatre. Gladiatorial schools and other support buildings were constructed nearby within the former grounds of the Domus Aurea. According to a reconstructed inscription found on the site, "the emperor Vespasian ordered this new amphitheatre to be erected from his general's share of the booty." This is thought to refer to the vast quantity of treasure seized by the Romans following their victory in the Great Jewish Revolt in 70. The Colosseum can be thus interpreted as a great triumphal monument built in the Roman tradition of celebrating great victories.[4] Vespasian's decision to build the Colosseum on the site of Nero's lake can also be seen as a populist gesture of returning to the people an area of the city which Nero had appropriated for his own use. In contrast to many other amphitheatres, which were located on the outskirts of a city, the Colosseum was constructed in the city centre; in effect, placing it both literally and symbolically at the heart of Rome.

The Colosseum had been completed up to the third story by the time of Vespasian's death in 79. The top level was finished and the building inaugurated by his son, Titus, in 80.[1] Dio Cassius recounts that over 9,000 wild animals were killed during the inaugural games of the amphitheatre. The building was remodelled further under Vespasian's younger son, the newly-designated Emperor Domitian, who constructed the hypogeum, a series of underground tunnels used to house animals and slaves. He also added a gallery to the top of the Colosseum to increase its seating capacity.

In 217, the Colosseum was badly damaged by a major fire (caused by lightning, according to Dio Cassius[5]) which destroyed the wooden upper levels of the amphitheatre's interior. It was not fully repaired until about 240 and underwent further repairs in 250 or 252 and again in 320. An inscription records the restoration of various parts of the Colosseum under Theodosius II and Valentinian III (reigned 425–450), possibly to repair damage caused by a major earthquake in 443; more work followed in 484 and 508. The arena continued to be used for contests well into the 6th century, with gladiatorial fights last mentioned around 435. Animal hunts continued until at least 523.[4]

Medieval

Map of medieval Rome depicting the ColosseumThe Colosseum underwent several radical changes of use during the medieval period. By the late 6th century a *all church had been built into the structure of the amphitheatre, though this apparently did not confer any particular religious significance on the building as a whole. The arena was converted into a cemetery. The numerous vaulted spaces in the arcades under the seating were converted into housing and workshops, and are recorded as still being rented out as late as the 12th century. Around 1200 the Frangipani family took over the Colosseum and fortified it, apparently using it as a castle.

Severe damage was inflicted on the Colosseum by the great earthquake of 1349, causing the outer south side to collapse. Much of the tumbled stone was reused to build palaces, churches, hospitals and other buildings elsewhere in Rome. A religious order moved into the northern third of the Colosseum in the mid-14th century and continued to inhabit it until as late as the early 19th century. The interior of the amphitheatre was extensively stripped of stone, which was reused elsewhere, or (in the case of the marble facade) was burned to make quicklime.[4] The bronze clamps which held the stonework together were pried or hacked out of the walls, leaving numerous pockmarks which still scar the building today.

Exterior

The exterior of the Colosseum, showing the partially intact outer wall (left) and the mostly intact inner wall (right)
Original façade of the Colosseum
Entrance LII of the Colosseum, with Roman numerals still visibleUnlike earlier amphitheatres that were built into hillsides, the Colosseum is an entirely free-standing structure. It is elliptical in plan and is 189 metres (615 ft / 640 Roman feet) long, and 156 metres (510 ft / 528 Roman feet) wide, with a base area of 6 acres. The height of the outer wall is 48 metres (157 ft / 165 Roman feet). The perimeter originally measured 545 metres (1,788 ft / 1,835 Roman feet). The central arena is an oval (287 ft) long and (180 ft) wide, surrounded by a wall (15 ft) high, above which rose tiers of seating.

The outer wall is estimated to have required over 100,000 cubic meters (131,000 cu yd) of travertine stone which were set without mortar held together by 300 tons of iron clamps.[4] However, it has suffered extensive damage over the centuries, with large segments having collapsed following earthquakes. The north side of the perimeter wall is still standing; the distinctive triangular brick wedges at each end are modern additions, having been constructed in the early 19th century to shore up the wall. The remainder of the present-day exterior of the Colosseum is in fact the original interior wall.

The surviving part of the outer wall's monumental façade comprises three stories of superimposed arcades surmounted by a podium on which stands a tall attic, both of which are pierced by windows interspersed at regular intervals. The arcades are framed by half-columns of the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders, while the attic is decorated with Corinthian pilasters.[11] Each of the arches in the second- and third-floor arcades framed statues, probably honoring divinities and other figures from Classical mythology.

Two hundred and forty mast corbels were positioned around the top of the attic. They originally supported a retractable awning, known as the velarium, that kept the sun and rain off spectators. This consisted of a canvas-covered, net-like structure made of ropes, with a hole in the center.[1] It covered two-thirds of the arena, and sloped down towards the center to catch the wind and provide a breeze for the audience. Sailors, specially enlisted from the Roman naval headquarters at Misenum and housed in the nearby Castra Misenatium, were used to work the velarium.[12]

The Colosseum's huge crowd capacity made it essential that the venue could be filled or evacuated quickly. Its architects adopted solutions very similar to those used in modern stadiums to deal with the same problem. The amphitheatre was ringed by eighty entrances at ground level, 76 of which were used by ordinary spectators.[1] Each entrance and exit was numbered, as was each staircase. The northern main entrance was reserved for the Roman Emperor and his aides, whilst the other three axial entrances were most likely used by the elite. All four axial entrances were richly decorated with painted stucco reliefs, of which fragments survive. Many of the original outer entrances have disappeared with the collapse of the perimeter wall, but entrances XXIII to LIV still survive.[4]

Spectators were given tickets in the form of numbered pottery shards, which directed them to the appropriate section and row. They accessed their seats via vomitoria (singular vomitorium), passageways that opened into a tier of seats from below or behind. These quickly dispersed people into their seats and, upon conclusion of the event or in an emergency evacuation, could permit their exit within only a few minutes. The name vomitoria derived from the Latin word for a rapid discharge, from which English derives the word vomit.
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许愿池(Fontana di Trevi)
The Trevi Fountain (Italian: Fontana di Trevi) is the largest — standing 25.9 meters (85 feet) high and 19.8 meters (65 feet) wide — and most ambitious of the Baroque fountains of Rome. It is located in the rione of Trevi.

The fountain at the juncture of three roads (tre vie) marks the terminal point of the "modern" Acqua Vergine, the revivified Aqua Virgo, one of the ancient aqueducts that supplied water to ancient Rome. In 19 BC, supposedly with the help of a virgin, Roman technicians located a source of pure water some 13 km (8 miles) from the city. (This scene is presented on the present fountain's facade). However, the eventual indirect route of the aqueduct made its length some 22 km (14 miles). This Aqua Virgo led the water into the Baths of Agrippa. It served Rome for more than four hundred years. The "coup de grace" for the urban life of late classical Rome came when the Goth besiegers in 537/38 broke the aqueducts. Medieval Romans were reduced to drawing water from polluted wells and the Tiber River, which was also used as a sewer.

The Roman custom of building a handsome fountain at the endpoint of an aqueduct that brought water to Rome was revived in the fifteenth century, with the Renaissance. In 1453, Pope Nicholas V finished mending the Acqua Vergine aqueduct and built a simple basin, designed by the humanist architect Leon Battista Alberti, to herald the water's arrival.

[edit] The present fountain

[edit] Commission, construction and design
In 1629 Pope Urban VIII, finding the earlier fountain insufficiently dramatic, asked Bernini to sketch possible renovations, but when the Pope died the project was abandoned. Bernini's lasting contribution was to resite the fountain from the other side of the square to face the Quirinal Palace (so the Pope could look down and enjoy it). Though Bernini's project was torn down for Salvi's fountain, there are many Bernini touches in the fountain as it was built. An early, striking and influential model by Pietro da Cortona also exists.

Competitions had become the rage during the Baroque era to design buildings, fountains, and even the Spanish Steps. In 1730 Pope Clement XII organized a contest in which Nicola Salvi initially lost to Alessandro Galilei — but due to the outcry in Rome over the fact that a Florentine won, Salvi was awarded the commission anyway.[1] Work began in 1732, and the fountain was completed in 1762, long after Clement's death, when Pietro Bracci's 'Neptune' was set in the central niche.

Salvi died in 1751, with his work half-finished, but before he went he made sure a stubborn barber's unsightly sign would not spoil the ensemble, hiding it behind a sculpted vase. The Trevi Fountain was finished in 1762 by Giuseppe Pannini, who substituted the present bland allegories for planned sculptures of Agrippa and "Trivia", the Roman virgin.

[edit] Restoration
The fountain was refurbished in 1998; the stonework was scrubbed and the fountain provided with recirculating pumps.

[edit] Iconography
The backdrop for the fountain is the Palazzo Poli, given a new facade with a giant order of Corinthian pilasters that link the two main stories. Taming of the waters is the theme of the gigantic scheme that tumbles forward, mixing water and rockwork, and filling the *all square. Tritons guide Neptune's shell chariot, taming seahorses (hippocamps).

In the center is superimposed a robustly modelled triumphal arch. The center niche or exedra framing Neptune has free-standing columns for maximal light-and-shade. In the niches flanking Neptune, Abundance spills water from her urn and Salubrity holds a cup from which a snake drinks. Above, bas reliefs illustrate the Roman origin of the aqueducts.

The tritons and horses provide symmetrical balance, with the maximum contrast in their mood and poses (by 1730, the rococo is already in full bloom in France and Germany).

[edit] Coin throwing
A traditional legend holds that if visitors throw a coin into the fountain, they are ensured a return to Rome. Among those who are unaware that the "three coins" of Three Coins in the Fountain were thrown by three different individuals, a reported current interpretation is that two coins will ensure a marriage will occur soon, while three coins leads to a divorce. A reported current version of this legend is that it is lucky to throw three coins with one's right hand over one's left shoulder into the Trevi Fountain.

Approximately 3,000 Euros are thrown into the fountain each day and are collected at night. The money has been used to subsidize a supermarket for Rome's needy. However, there are regular attempts to steal coins from the fountain, including some using a magnetized pole.

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